The National State Aid Register (Registro Nazionale Aiuti di Stato) is a database in which all public aids granted in Italy are recorded. The IER - Institute for economic research of the Chamber of commerce of Bolzano/Bozen has analised the development of subsidies to South Tyrolean firms over the five-year period 2018-22 and has compared the situation in South Tyrol with that in the rest of Italy and in the neighbouring Trentino. The report provides a basis for future work to investigate the appropriateness, effectiveness and efficiency of public subsidies to the economy.